如何确保我的承包商将在我家的Remodel上使用的干墙将是安全的？
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I live in Utah and I understand that EcoRock will not be available until the end of the year. Are there other choices of drywall that I can suggest to my contractor so I can have the confidence that the product will not make my family sick?
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答复
Tracy,
I wouldn't hesitate to use gypsum drywall from U.S. Gypsum. Their flagship product — Sheetrock brand — has not been tainted by scandal. Although some investigators and lawyers are looking into drywall from other countries, the overwhelming majority of the reported problems stem from the use of Chinese drywall.
Most US manufacturers of gypsum board have products that are 90%+ synthetic gypsum (recycled vs. mined gypsum) and use recycled paper; some even have 100% recycled material. But it’s no just about the sheetrock, you must specify joint compounds, textures and finishes that are No/Low VOC as well.
CDC的消费产品安全委员会正在协调有关中国干墙问题的信息：http://www.cpsc.gov/info/drywall/。
通常，石膏板是一种良性材料（以及良好的花园土壤修正案），但联合化合物是聚氯乙烯基，有毒。传统联合化合物有自然替代方案，最健康的方法是使用天然粘土膏药（如美国粘土http://www.americanclay.com/）将负离子添加到生活空间。
根据罗伯特的说法，联合化合物是有毒的 - 意思是有毒的。详情，请？
1.对那些吃它的人有毒吗？我需要吃多少毒害？
2. Is it poisonous to those who sit near it? How close do I have to sit?
3. Is it poisonous to those who sand it? Because my nostrils have been completely clogged with white sanding dust from finishing joint compound for weeks at a time — over a period of many years — and by gosh I haven't yet noticed any of those poisoning symptoms.
爷爷说他是60年的烟熏卷烟，他还没有死。
Martin, I thought you believed in science instead of meaningless anecdotal evidence.
国家职业安全和健康研究所（Niosh）研究表明，干壁工作中使用的联合复合泥浆中的“滋扰粉尘”可含有有毒物质。而且，砂光和其他干墙工作中可能会有危险的灰尘。
NIOSH进行了健康Hazard Evaluation of dust and toxic exposures to 10 renovation workers at 2 sites doing drywall finishing. Measuring the air the workers were breathing, NIOSH found 9 of 10 total-dust samples at higher levels than limits set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). More important, 2 of 13 samples of respirable (breathable) dust were above the limits OSHA says are safe. Two samples contained respirable silica. Silica can cause crippling and fatal lung diseases.
"The health effects associated with long-term chronic airborne exposure to the dust or particulates generated during drywall sanding are not known," the report said, adding that even when the dust amounts are within recommended limits, they may not be safe. This is especially true, the report said, when parts of the dusts are known to have a "biologic effect."
除了二氧化硅之外，可能是不安全的粉尘中的另一种材料是高岭土。在粘土中发现，高岭土导致尘肺，或永久性肺部损伤。
根据产品MSDS表，联合化合物可能包含：
乙二醇
膨润土
碳酸钙（石灰石）
Water
Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate
Solvent naphtha, petroleum, light aliphatic
丙烯酸聚合物/共聚物
白云岩
云母
attapulgite.
Vinyl Alcohol Polymer
可吸入结晶二氧化硅（已知的致癌物质）
Acetaldehyde (anticipated carcinogen)
乙酸乙烯酯单体（不包括致癌物）
来自环保署：在人类中乙烯基乙烯酯的生殖，发育或致癌作用没有任何信息。在吸入暴露的大鼠中，已经观察到鼻腔肿瘤的发病率增加。在一次饮用水研究中，大鼠报告了肿瘤发病率增加。EPA没有分类醋酸乙烯酯致癌性。
From MSDS
Warnings: KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. DO NOT TAKE INTERNALLY.
警告：本产品包含加利福尼亚州已知的一种或多种化学品，导致癌症。
急性健康效果
吸入：蒸气或雾会导致头痛，恶心和鼻子，喉咙和肺部刺激。通过暴露于乙二醇，可以加剧预先存在的呼吸道，皮肤或眼部条件。
皮肤接触：重复皮肤暴露于大量可能导致有害量的吸收。皮肤LD50尚未确定。
Chronic Health Effects: Excessive exposure may cause central nervous system, kidney, blood, and possible liver effects.
有人可以提供购买“安全”干墙的更新？我明白不从中国购买，可能是其他可能销售腐烂的鸡蛋嗅到干墙的外国。但现在有关于美国制造商的顾客使用燃煤锅炉拒绝高汞含量。
我很快就会干燥一个新房子，并希望第一次得到它。
Any advice on how or from whom to purchase good clean drywall would be appreciated.
Hopefully there are more choices than either smelling bad or becoming mad as a hatter.
加拿大和墨西哥怎么样？
除了上述问题外，我想询问是否有人可以推荐安全的低VOC联合化合物。
就埃克罗克来了，他们错过了他们的“发布日期”，这不会很好。
遗忘时间。
In my area blueboard/plaster is price competitive with drywall, sometimes cheaper. It is over in 1-2 days, although it puts a huge amount of moisture in the building as it sets.
我认为它是一个更高的品质完成，尽管它有更多的错误，性格，即使在做好的情况下也是如此。