请帮助我就如何建造和隔离我的墙壁做出明智的决定。
I am adding onto my home here in south Louisiana (25 miles west of New Orleans) and am also retrofitting the existing structure. The original structure is a 2×4 wall with blackboard sheathing on the outside between the bricks. I would like to remove the entire outside envelope (not 2×4’s), spray the stud bays w/ closed-cell foam, then cover that with 1/2″ foam board, then 3/4″ plywood, housewrap, 1/2″ foam board and James Hardie lap siding.
On the new walls starting from inside: 1/2″ sheetrock, 1/2″ plywood, 2×6″(with closed-cell spray foam between stud bays), 1/2″ foam board, 3/4″ plywood, housewrap, 1/2″ foam board and James Hardie lap siding. This new addition is a master bedroom (17×17), master bath (12×17), and dining room (15×17) with double-pane low-E glass vinyl windows.
Let me explain my design; the plywood on both inside and outside is to essentially make the whole wall a shear wall (remember that I live in prime hurricane country and our new code requires shear walls at corners and windows). The closed-cell foam is to stop humidity transfer into the house (this is a high humidity area most of the year). The foam board is just to get some extra insulating properties and help with noise issues (apt. complex behind new addition).
我住在一个炎热，潮湿，多雨和危险的地区。
A few builders I talked to said they thought the extra 1/2″ plywood and foam board was overkill, and a couple thought it made sense and would be a negligible cost addition. I like them both for the ability to hang cabinets, and pictures on the inside and peace of mind. Also, I have upgraded my attic insulation to 8″ thick paper-faced batts in the existing attic. Should I use the same in the new addition our do something different?
我想科学地知道您是否都同意我的设计，如果不是我的设计，您将改变什么以及为什么。我不像我对热量和湿度转移的成本因素不太关心的成本因素，霉菌生长的潜力以及该系统所需要的结构方面。
谢谢，
Blake
GBA Detail Library
由气候和房屋部分组织的一千个建筑细节的集合
答复
布莱克，
If you want plywood on the interior of your walls, go ahead. It's your house.
但是，您提出的三明治是墙壁外部的三明治 - 螺柱上的1/2英寸刚性泡沫，其次是胶合板，然后是1/2英寸的1/2英寸刚性泡沫的第二层 - 是古怪的。如果实际上整墙都是剪力墙，那么与工程师一起检查设计很重要。剪切壁通常具有直接钉在螺柱上的OSB或胶合板护套的外部层，没有中间泡沫。
It's great that you want exterior foam. But why slice it up into two 1/2-inch layers and separate the foam with plywood?
我会用胶合板遮盖墙壁的外部。然后根据需要安装尽可能多的刚性泡沫 - 显然您需要在外部上1英寸的刚性泡沫，尽管如果需要的话，您肯定可以安装更多。然后安装垂直的1x3或1x4绑带，拧入泡沫到螺柱上，以在泡沫和硬皮圈壁板之间形成降雨缝隙。
暴雨后，雨屏的间隙将有助于墙壁迅速干燥。将使油漆持续更长的时间；并大大减少了水进入墙壁腔的机会。
布莱克，
The homes I’ve designed in NO, MS and South TX have the following wall design: ½ sheetrock, 2x6 @24” o.c. studs w/ cellulose insulation R20, ½ OSB/Plwd, taped ½”-1” rigid foam, house wrap, cement board or lap siding.
For structural 1 OSB/Plwd is fine, but you must use Simpson’s Strap Holdowns from concrete-rim joist/truss-stud installation as well as hurricane ties for roof truss-wall installation and roof bracing.
对于屋顶框架，我使用了凸起的手或能量桁架，纤维素绝缘R38，挡板和通风阁楼。
Blake
You need to decide where your air and water resisent barriers need to be. For the addition on the exterior of the 2x6's install the plywood. In another postingsection here Martin wrote about spray applied WRB's in place of house wrap. You might consider that to get your vapor and air barrier. On the outside you can place as much rigid insualtion was you want. This would give you additional insulation and act as secondary water barrier. Any wind driven rain now has to get by the foam and the WRB.
You have established the WRB/air barrier on the outside of the plywood. The you can insualte the wall cavities with open cell or cellulose.
现在去阁楼。您会在阁楼上拥有Havc吗？我不喜欢无条件的阁楼中的管道或设备。由于我们谈论的是对现有构成的补充，因此使事情变得复杂。我认为您至少有阁楼中HVAC的一部分。在天花板水平的最小空气密封处，密封管道工作，并用大量的纤维素覆盖。理想情况下，您将把阁楼带入通风空间。
One other thing, have you thought of LP Smart Siding. It weighs less, costs less, cuts like wood. The LP site has a video showing a small sledge hitting both cement and Smart Siding and the smart siding was more durable. I have also heard of people doing a water test soaking each and the Smart Siding held up better. Though I think most siding perform well if properly maintained and allowed to dry- back vented
感谢所有信息。我没有胶合板，然后是Foamboard然后WRB等。我确实有几个问题。是否使用闭孔来完成更好的空气密封和绝缘质量，对我的语言环境来说是一个好主意，还是我应该使用开放式牢房？就罗伯特所说的纤维素而言，这是产品中的损失填充吗？另外，我的管道和HAVC位于阁楼（带有拱腹通风口）中，我不会移动任何此设备。我将卸下旧的圆形金属管道，并用高质量的隔热柔性管道代替。为了节省金钱，我计划在阁楼上使用纸脸巴特绝缘材料，就像我之前说的那样。
有人对这些想法有任何问题或要添加的新想法吗？
布莱克，
你问，所以我会回答。
“有人对这些想法有任何问题吗？”是的。
如果您的阁楼和阁楼管道中有HVAC设备，则应通过在a子之间绝缘来将阁楼转换为条件空间。将这些组件留在无条件的阁楼中，浪费了大量的能量。
Your choice to use "paper-faced batt insulation in the attic" is a poor one. I assume you are talking about fiberglass batts. Almost any other insulation choice would perform better.