在地下室能量改造期间，如何处理楼梯和门？
晚上好，
I’ll be air sealing my basement this winter. House is built in 2004, so I’m hoping there’s a vapor break in the slab. So far tests show no excess moisture coming up from below. However, the basement is rather humid probably due more to the walls and horrible diaper insulation. XPS with two layers of 1/2 in. ply will go on the slab. My concern is, how to deal with the stairs and french doors leading outside? With the floor being raised at least two inches won’t that mean raising the headers in the door? Likewise with the stairs, won’t that create a tripping hazard on the first step? How have others dealt with this? Thanks so much.
GBA Detail Library
由气候和房屋部分组织的一千个建筑细节的集合
Search and download construction details
答复
亚当，
The answers to your questions involve basic carpentry.
当您举起地板时，您需要举起外门。在大多数情况下（假设我们正在谈论洪水外的门），您将使用锯索将固定在粗糙开口的固定固定的紧固件（如果有可见的螺丝头，或卸下螺钉）。然后，您重新构架粗糙的开口，然后重新安装新地板上方的门。
解决楼梯问题的最佳方法是卸下现有的楼梯并切割新的纵梁，从而将提升器高度调整为新现实。解决楼梯问题的第二好方法是卸下大部分楼梯胎面和垫子下的垫片，从而使从立管到立管的高度不超过1/8英寸。
在此处可用的许多能源升级资源中，地板高度的变化是尚未谈论的平板绝缘改进的一个方面。上面列出的选项除了“基本”。首先，将粗糙的开口侧面重新标记很容易。移动标头是另一回事。如果没有足够的空间将其移动怎么办？其次，如果一个人想正确做，重建楼梯不是基本的木工。这很有趣，但是很复杂。并张开底部的步骤只会将问题移至最高步骤 - 除非您意味着将地板上的两英寸上升到每个步骤中。即便如此，这听起来确实不是一个好主意。
Thanks anyway.
亚当，
Carpenters routinely build stair stringers and re-frame rough openings. It's perfectly understandable that you may not want to do the work, but I stand by my statement that this is basic carpentry.
When I wrote that the "second-best way to solve the stair problem is to remove most of the stair treads and shim under the treads," I meant what I said -- you have to remove "most of the stair treads," not merely a single stair tread. And yes, you have to redistribute the 2 inch difference in riser height among all of the risers, so that the difference in riser height from tread to tread is no more than 1/8 inch.
同样，如果没有空间，您如何移动标头？大多数制定器不会将空间留在顶板上方。无法使标头较小，这是违背代码和不安全的。对我来说，这是整个项目中的单个失败点。很抱歉，但是闪烁的14个楼梯胎面听起来像是令人讨厌的吱吱声的秘诀。
您的假设是我不是木匠，或者从事交易是奇怪的吗？大多数论坛海报业余爱好者是吗？我发表了这样的想法，即除了应用“基本木工”以外，我还会得到独特的想法。
I'm a licensed builder in Virginia.
No reply necessary.
非常感谢你。
亚当，
There are different approaches to the header issue. If there are cripples above the header (between the header and the top plate), the cripples can be removed.
例如，如果这是一个由两个2 Bys制成的标头的2x6墙，则可以用三个不那么高的2 Bys制成的标头。
If the header is on a gable wall, it's possible that it is unnecessary, because gable walls aren't bearing any roof load.
最后，定居的护套为大多数标头提供了冗余。您可以作弊而不会严重影响。
顺便说一下，我从来没有以为你不是木匠。
马丁。亚当会在舒适和/或节能方面获得足够的成就，以证明必须应对楼梯和露台门是合理的吗？
史蒂夫，
That's the question I keep asking myself about my house. My foundation is concrete all around, up to the rim joist. Raising my outside door means a shorter door, or cutting concrete. I'm thinking when I do insulate my slab I'll just use much less near the door, and have a small step somewhere. I could use something like dricore near the door, two panels into the room, the width of the room, and then step up another two inches or so.
史蒂夫，
正如我在评论3中建议亚当的建议：“您可能不想做这项工作是完全可以理解的。”
这是一个判断电话。许多房主会决定，绝缘地板的优势不值得重建楼梯和更改门的麻烦。
亚当，
As well as Martins' suggestions I'd add:
- Replacing the dimensional lumber in the header with an LVL.
- Doubling the rim joist above to act as a flush header.
As for the stairs, none of the options sound very palatable. If it are me I'd probably tear out the existing and re-frame with new stringers etc.
Renos frequently make me want to wring the neck of the original builder. Fortunately I live in a small community, so I sometimes get the chance!
I don't know if this would work, functionally or as far as code requirements, but would it make sense to consider put a landing at the bottom of the stairs, at the level of the bottom step, followed by a shallow step down from that to the new floor? I think the minimum allowed step height is 4" and I think you would or could be above that. The question would be whether it would be OK to have that step different from the others. And the other question would be whether that's really significantly easier than rebuilding the stairs.