切换到LED似乎是一项足够简单的任务，直到您进入灯泡过道为止。看似永无止境的产品货架可能令人生畏，但是了解某些LED基础知识可以帮助缩小选择。熟悉诸如色温和色彩渲染索引（CRI）之类的术语是一个很好的第一步。了解瓦数和可调节性也很明智。这些因素，以及将安装照明及其功能的计划，可以帮助您弄清哪种LED产品最适合您。

LED，白炽灯和CFL灯泡：有什么区别？

首先，让我们定义什么是LED灯泡。LED代表发光二极管。根据blog post by energy broker Arcadia，LED实际上不是灯泡。相反，它们是用塑料包裹的小半导体。与白炽灯泡（在能量流过它们时都具有热和光的细丝）不同，LED具有产生光子或光的电子。

阿卡迪亚还说，LED灯泡的能量比白炽灯少75％。从透视上看，LED洪水通常使用11瓦来创建类似于50瓦白炽灯的灯输出。示例包括飞利浦60瓦等效的ST19电灯泡。为了产生与传统60瓦白炽灯泡相同的亮度，飞利浦LED灯泡仅使用8瓦。

根据灯光专家Marsha Fogarty的说法，在成本方面，LED通常比白炽灯泡更昂贵。但是，她指出，他们的寿命弥补了初始成本。她说：“服务寿命很大，尤其是如果您有很高的天花板或不容易到达的地方。很高兴将一些东西放入并知道它将持续25,000个小时 - 对于住宅申请，这就是数年。”

For example, Globe Electric’s60-watt S60 light bulb在Home Depot上列出了3000小时的灯泡寿命和零售价约为5美元。制造商还提供60-watt equivalentLED灯泡；价格几乎是价格的两倍，但承诺将有15,000小时的寿命。您的费用是两倍，但使用寿命的五倍。

CFL灯泡是紧凑的荧光灯。根据Circuit Globe, CFL bulbs use low-pressure mercury vapor gas to produce visible light. CFLs, like LEDs, last longer and use less energy compared to incandescent light bulbs. For example,Feit Electric的60瓦uses 13 watts and has a 10,000-hour lifespan. It retails for a little over $5.

Fogarty说，CFL灯泡几乎是白炽灯和LED之间的过渡技术。

CFL灯泡确实有一些缺点。它们具有冷温度敏感，不适合封闭的固定装置。根据Superiorlighting.com，它们的热度也很长，并且颜色温度有限。此外，调光可以减少其寿命。

颜色质量和可调节性

进入LED灯市场时，您应该知道一些特征。亮度 - 在流明中进行，其中包括在其中。根据能源部, lumens are a measure of how much light comes from a bulb. More lumens mean brighter light. However, lighting expert David Warfel says that lumens are a misleading metric because it doesn’t indicate how much light will be usable. For example, an 800-lumen LED light bulb might have a big heat sink on the bottom, so most of those lumens rise upward. That means, if you screw the bulb into a reading lamp, more light ends up on the ceiling than on your book.

Warfel advises focusing on color quality instead. “You want to look for some indication of the quality of light,” he says. “The most common metric used is called color rendering index (CRI). The higher the number, the more lifelike everything is going to look—from food on your plate to the skin on your face, it’s going to look better if it’s 90 CRI or above.”

他补充说，色温也是关键因素。通常，您需要确保房屋中的每盏灯都在色温方面匹配。根据Warfel的说法，任何2700至3000 Kelvins（K）之间的任何东西都是理想的选择。

Another feature to consider is adjustability or dimming capability. This is especially important in multi-generational households. “I don’t think you should buy an LED bulb that isn’t dimmable anymore,” Warfel says. “I’m in my mid 40s, and according to the IES (Illuminating Engineering Society), which develops the standards for the lighting industry, I need twice as much light as my kids who are 15 and 20. My parents, who are 78 and 80 years old, need twice as much light as I do. So, they need four times as much as my 20-year-old to see at the same level.”

Warfel说，随着年龄的增长，我们的眼镜镜头黄色和变色会减少蓝光，即通过它们的日光。换句话说，一个60岁的人的日光没有像25岁的人那样多。战争提倡随着年龄的增长而提高着色温度，因此它看起来一致，并且随着时间的推移，我们的视力水平相同。

LED带胶带上的注释 LED strip tapeWARFEL在各种应用中经常使用的东西，包括UnderCabinet照明，脚趾踢和照亮建筑元素。他说，LED带状胶带的功能像一束圣诞灯，没有笨重的绿色布线。他建议每英尺200流明的带胶带，通常每英尺3瓦。 Anything under 200 lumens will not fill in shadows during the day, and won’t be bright enough at night. You can find high-quality LED strip tape for $15 to $25 per ft. Manufacturers include OpitcArts, Modalight, Juno Lighting, and CityTheatrica.

最大的努力

There are a few products Warfel recommends. The first is a series of LED lamp light bulbs from技术消费产品公司的美好生活(TCP). Specifically, he advises the A19 Standard, S19, and G25 Globe models because they are similar to incandescent lighting, which makes the transition to LEDs less noticeable. “You screw them in and it’s hard to tell you’ve changed from incandescent to LED, and that’s a comfortable first step,” he explains.

The Good Life LED product line features warm dimming—from 3200K to 1800K—and a 15,000-hour rated life, according to thispress release。Prices range from $5 to $10 per bulb.

LED初学者的另一个建议是Soraa的MR16聚光灯。这条灯是另一套温暖的选项，可产生95+ CRI。像Good Life系列一样，这些灯泡有3200K至1800K。Warfel指出：“我们在聚光灯下使用的Soraa灯泡具有异常良好的颜色质量，这意味着与其他灯泡相比，一切看起来都像自然光或更接近它。”您可以期望为Soraa MR16生动的温暖灯泡支付约45美元1000bulbs.com。

Lighting manufacturer Cree, which Fogarty recommends, offers a60-watt equivalent软白模型。灯泡有两包，零售价为每包约8美元，来自Home Depot。根据Fogarty的说法，Cree是该技术最初出现时首先要获得LED照明的制造商之一。她说，该公司推出了市场上最可靠的产品之一。

她还建议参观Lightology，一个在线商店，使用户可以比较灯泡之间的价格并查看哪些功能增加或从成本中增加或减去。

简而言之，选择LED灯是将一些基本概念降低，然后购买和测试产品的问题。对于所有人口统计和房间情况，没有一个灯可以打勾所有盒子。正如Warfel所说，“购买LED灯泡可能是一个终生的决定，因为它可以持续这么长时间，因此不要害怕一对夫妇尝试一下。找到您喜欢的东西，然后做房子的其余部分。”

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布莱恩·阿尔瓦拉多（Brian Alvarado）是精美的房屋建筑magazine andfinehomebuilding.com。照片由制造商提供，除非有时。