更多的Musings of an Energy Nerd
美国的大多数住宅热泵，包括无管的迷你玻璃和迷你玻璃，都是空气源热泵。在夏季，这种热泵的作用像空调：它从室内空气中收集热量，并将热量转移到室外空气中。在冬季，热泵逆转方向：它从室外空气中收集热量，并将热量转移到室内空气。
第二类热泵是地面源热泵（GSHP）。在夏季，这种热泵将热量从室内空气转移到房屋周围的土壤。在某些情况下，它可能会在钻孔的遗嘱中或附近的湖泊或池塘中将热量从室内空气转移到水中。在冬季，GSHP从房屋周围的土壤（或在钻井井中或附近的池塘中的水中）收集热量，并将热量转移到室内空气中。
To effect this heat transfer, a ground-source heat pump system requires either buried tubing—vertical loops of tubing inserted into boreholes, or horizontal lengths of tubing buried in deep trenches—or the circulation of water from a drilled well or pond through tubing that conveys the water to the heat pump.
Some manufacturers of ground-source heat pumps state that their equipment gathers renewable energy, or label their equipment as “geothermal.” To clear up these misconceptions: a ground-source heat pump does not use geothermal energy. It isn’t a type of renewable energy system. Like an air-source heat pump, it’s simply a type of heating and cooling system that uses electricity as its fuel.
Air-source heat pumps are much cheaper and almost as efficient
GBA在地面源热泵上有数十种文章（其中许多在“相关文章”侧边栏中列出）。如果你是…
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6条评论
This is all fair criticism. As an engineer, I was delighted to participate in the engineering project of designing a system for my house and tweaking it to get excellent performance, all for a cost at the low end of your range (15 years ago). But the experience also underscored how difficult it would be for someone without engineering expertise to achieve a similar result.
但是，我在这里没有提到的一个优势，我认为在未来几十年中将变得越来越重要。也就是说，即使良好的空气源热泵安装的年度每年电力消耗与良好的地面源热泵安装的良好空气源装置也没有显着差异，但一月份寒冷的一月夜晚的高峰电力消耗也会大大增加源热泵。对于消费者而言，这并不重要，因为这是您不为峰值负载支付的总能源消耗。但是对于网格操作员来说，这种差异确实很重要。With an increasing percentage of variable renewable sources on a grid, including solar (which doesn't produce anything through a long January night), and with increasing electrification of heating, the fact that air-source heat pumps’ COP drops right when you need them most is a concern, and is a motivation to continue trying to improve approaches to cost-effectively installing and commissioning these systems.
Companies like Dandelion are working on making the installation more systematic, to lower cost and avoid problems, and to do drilling with right-sized equipment and approaches that minimize overhead.
It’s not a good choice right now for a typical homeowner, but I’m not ready to give up on it as a technology that should be used in the future.
“地面源热泵的一些制造商指出，他们的设备收集可再生能源，或将其设备标记为“地热”。To clear up these misconceptions: a ground-source heat pump does not use geothermal energy. It isn’t a type of renewable energy system. Like an air-source heat pump, it’s simply a type of heating and cooling system that uses electricity as its fuel."
现在以某种方式使我陷入了一种基本但重要的区别。
Alternatively, we could say that air-source heat pump utilize renewable tropospherothermal energy.
查理，
也许你可以。我已经尝试过三遍这个词，不能。
您是否看过飞行员地质项目？基本思想是在街道上的钻孔网络，在房屋，企业等之间的网络中共享水。他们正在测试以查看它是否具有经济意义，以及当前的天然气提供商是否可以基本上可以转向热力。
https://heet.org/2022/02/28/six-geogrid-demos-approved-for-massachusetts/
There are multiple locations for the pilots, both MA gas utilities are participating.
这似乎确实是《减少通货膨胀法》的细节之一包括续订和更新第25C节。它以每年$ 2,000的上限将所有热泵上的回扣（除其他外）更改为30％。当前的地热税返还延长到2033年，也以30％的速度延长。该法案目前尚未通过，但值得注意。
EDIT: After a little closer look - the rebate is 50% of the heat pump cost ($8k max) if your household income is less than 150% of the median. Which for my metro Detroit area, ends up being $136k! The 30%/$2000 max is if your income is above the 150% threshold. Rebate is 100% if your income is less than 80% of the area median. I think we will see a LOT more air source heat pumps in the coming years. It will be interesting to see how the technology evolves.
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