Changing off grid house to grid and HVAC
你好。
我的朋友建造了一所房子，以供网格生活，但是在他的第一个夏天之后，它的电力为A/c提供了电力。他在纳什维尔附近的4A区。他的施工组件并不理想，有很多气隙，并且在没有滑雪的墩上。目前，他没有大部分方面，而且室内墙壁覆盖很少。因此，在大多数外部都可以看到的是廉价的篷布式编织房屋包装，在内部，他的R-19蝙蝠（墙壁和天花板）的牛皮面朝上。他的天花板是大教堂，上面有R-19蝙蝠，R19和屋顶甲板之间没有计划的缝隙或障碍物，但是由于2×8腔中的R-19，似乎自然而然地存在了一些缝隙。我告诉他，如果他只是向前行进并掩盖了他所拥有的一切，他一定会后悔的。
I am unsure how he should proceed. He is doing it all himself or with friends and is ready to do what he needs to to remedy the situation, but his pockets are shallow, so I am trying to identify what he NEEDS to do, what he OUGHT to do, and what is NICE to do for a po man like him.
I have not offered any specific advice, but told him that fixing his assemblies for proper air tightness and insulation is a minimum necessity, or he will have a cup of ice sitting on a picnic table on a hot humid day – condensation, mold., rot… a big headache.
这是我的想法，但我确实需要建议，因为我不想给他带来其他麻烦：
1.拉出外部房屋包装并壁板安装的位置
2.密封OSB。
3.使用Tyvek Housewrap。
4. Remove R-19 from cathedral ceiling and air seal rafters to OSB from interior using a liquid applied sealant.
5.在较深的通道上，用另外2×4的afters scab the脚，并在泡沫板和OSB之间安装1英寸刚性泡沫板1英寸的空气通道，然后安装R-30玻璃纤维棒。
6.忽略内壁空气紧密度，因为他的锡和粗切的1倍不利于这一点。指望外将在外部空气密封上的工作。
7.在房子下面，我不知道如何改善这一点，他在后面的山丘侧面，坐在码头上。
我脑海中考虑的其他想法：
8. To achieve interior wall air sealing also, use air sealed OSB inside, painted black under 1x finish walls or unpainted under his tin wall coverings… or use drywall instead of 1x and tin.
9. Put foam board over housewrap to give him thermal break and increase R-value.
当然，这些修复程序中的每一个都增加了他的成本，并且自从赚钱以来，他赚钱就不佳，并且进步了。
What do you think of my ideas?
有什么需要的好主意？
如果您有另一种方法，请告知。
PS。他的县没有建筑法规，因此解决方案只需要工作，并且不会受到检查。
谢谢你。
-Mike P.代表我的朋友Mike S.
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Replies
You definitely need a semi decent air barrier under rough cut. Your idea of either interior drywall or OSB is a good one. You can get there with a well detailed smart vapor barrier but that might be more work than it is worth and easy to damage.
For the roof you are correct that it needs venting. More than venting it needs an air tight ceiling though. Don't get caught up on larger elaborate vent channels and such, makes sure there is one ( cheap foam box store baffles are good enough), that it goes from the soffit to the ridge and vents are sized properly with more area at the soffit than the ridge. With R19 batts installed properly in the ceiling cavity it is probably good enough as is even without vent baffles.
A ceiling that doesn't leak air, needs very little venting. No amount of venting will get you out of trouble with a leaky ceiling. So focus on air tight ceiling.
对于天花板的内部空气屏障，您可以使用1英寸的泡沫，带胶带接缝，而不是OSB/Drywall。假设从R20到R26，则可以提高整个天花板R值，从R20到R26。为了轻松将粗糙的锯从泡沫中钉入the绕the子，还有一些泡沫是黑色的，这些泡沫不会通过间隙显示。
For the exterior, taping the sheathing is a good thing. There is nothing wrong with felt for house wrap, it is cheap and it works.
Taping the seams of the subfloor in the house would also help. Generally an insulated shallow foundation is better but a lot more cost.
Ok, thank you very much for the advice. He is very grateful and was glad to hear the ceiling can be improved in both R and air by adding a meticulous foam board between the kraft bats and the 1x finish ceiling.
迈克·P。
There is no point air-sealing the roof sheathing to the rafters if you are providing a ventilation gap. Move the air-sealing to the interior, and as Akos said, do a meticulous job.
+1在将通风口添加到这只蝙蝠上，无通风的大教堂天花板上。
Review how to find air leaks with a window fan (vs an official blower door).
Thanks for that Jon. A poor man's blower door test would be splendid for helping him tighten up his leaky house.
How critical is the interior wall air sealing? If his exterior wall sheathing is tight, is he good?
Warm side air barrier falls into the belts and suspenders category. Since the air sealing wasn't part of the original design, it is hard to get perfect. If your sheathing is tight and your fiberglass install is good, you don't need it
如果这是一间不会全职占领的小屋，我会太担心它。如果是家，我会放一层薄的OSB或石膏板。
P.S.如果您的能源成本很高，那么与天花板类似的墙壁上的一层泡沫代替了OSB/Drywall，这是值得的。
好，很好。阿科斯（Akos），您是说他可以在玻璃纤维蝙蝠和他的饰面墙之间的“内部”墙壁上使用泡沫板？
IFR是，他可以使用“扩展的聚苯乙烯泡沫”或“ XPS”吗？我认为他不能使用Poli-ISO？
谢谢你。
几乎。您处于混合的气候中，因此面对的箔纸（不可渗透）可能不是最好的。我的目标是要进行EPS（薄EPS仍然有些渗透，XPS或未脸/毛毡的脸色Polyiso。如果您的预算紧张，您可以获得回收的屋顶Polyiso，通常会觉得面对，价格便宜。
如果您确实使用泡沫隔热材料，请记住将设备盒向前移动，以便它们齐平到成品表面，否则您必须在其上添加扩展环。
注意,很多thinner EPS out there, especially the stuff commonly stocked by the box stores, will have a poly facer that will make it vapor impermeable. You’ll want to be sure to get UNfaced EPS if you go that route and want the wall to have some drying ability.
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