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Building Science

热泵余额点和建筑物外壳

房屋建筑外壳的质量可以甲型肝炎e a big effect on heating with a heat pump

Gary Nelson站在他管道的MiniSplit热泵前面in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Because of the heat pump capacity and the efficiency of his building enclosure, his balance point is below zero degrees Fahrenheit. [Photo credit: Energy Vanguard]

所以我们看了一个简单的方法来估计热泵平衡点。然后我展示了热泵的容量如何影响平衡点。(较大的热泵降低了平衡点,反之亦然。)今天,让我们看看可能影响平衡点的其他主要因素。

首先,记得简单的方法找到平衡点涉及在同一图表上绘制房屋的加热负荷和热泵容量。使用每个数据点,并假设负载/容量和室外温度之间的线性关系,我们有两条直线。它们交叉的温度是热泵平衡点。这一点告诉你热泵的户外温度只能在室内设计温度(通常为70°F)。

Now we’re ready to take it further.

加热负荷对平衡点的影响

One way to change the balance point is to move the heat pump capacity on the graph. Likewise, we could change the other part of the graph, the heating load, to get a different balance point (assuming we don’t make a compensating change in equipment size). If you have an existing home and want make it more comfortable and energy-efficient by doing some air sealing and insulating, the house won’t need as much heat. The house in our example initially had a heating load of about 15,000 BTU/hr. Let’s say we add some insulation, make it more airtight, and seal the ducts. Now the load drops to about 10,000 BTU/hr, and we use that as our design temperature heating load point on the graph.

可是等等!还有更多。在最后一篇文章中,我认为零负载发生在65°F。在许多家中,它可能会更低,特别是如果家庭密密度和绝缘良好。在这样的家中,负载在55°F处很容易为零。这意味着在室外温度为55°F之前不会出现热量。

Here’s what the graph looks like now.

经过making a house more energy efficient, the heating load goes down and so does the heat pump balance point. (Image by Energy Vanguard)
经过making a house more energy-efficient, the heating load goes down — and so does the heat pump balance point. (Image by Energy Vanguard)

The blue line is the capacity of the 1.5 ton heat pump, same as in the first graph, theone in the other article。But now the orange line is lower, and the two intersect at 17°F now instead of 25°F. So we’ve dropped the balance point 8 F° by making the home more efficient.

This home now has a balance point right at the design temperature. That means it doesn’t need any supplemental heat.

The downside of lowering the balance point

降低平衡点对于加热很好。如果这是唯一的考虑,我们可以尽可能高效地将房屋制成,然后放入足够大的热泵,以确保平衡点低于设计温度。然而,问题是,超大尺寸可以对冷却有害影响,特别是在潮湿的气候中。您需要贴近冷却负载的设备,以获得良好的除湿。即使在干燥的气候中,超大尺寸也会影响舒适性,因为系统越来越频繁地脱落(一种称为短循环的现象)。

通常,当您使房屋更高效并具有较低的加热负载时,如最后一部分所示,您也放置在更小的加热系统中。对于传统的固定容量设备,当然,您可以找到最小的热泵是1.5吨。因此,在该示例中,我们已经获得了那种类型的最小热泵,不能越来越小。因此,系统将大部分时间短周期。

现在,热泵平衡点对你来说有点脱落,我希望。当然,还存在实际平衡点的问题,以及您可以使用什么样的设备来获得低平衡点,而不是短循环。但这些是另一个时间的主题......因为我需要去看这个滚动在雪的熊猫的录影

Allison Bailesof Decatur, Georgia, is a speaker, writer, building science consultant, and the author of theEnergy Vanguard Blog。You can follow him on Twitter at@energyvanguard.

3评论

  1. 桑德拉林恩||#1

    您提到了一个系统,在夏天可以在尺寸短暂的周期。在春天和摔倒时会有一个问题吗?这就是我现在用标准的燃气炉/中央空气所做的。当它在外面真的很热或冷时,我只使用它。热泵系统是否一次停下来暂停几个月?我正在考虑获得一个新房子的分裂系统,我将是建造的。所以我试图在我决定该怎么做之前获得尽可能多的信息。

    1. Stephen Sheehy||#2

      We shut our minisplits off in April and don't turn them on until we get a few super hot days in summer, if we use them at all until Fall. I don't think it hurts anything to shut them off.

      1. 桑德拉林恩||#3

        Thanks!

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