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将绝缘材料添加到地板与墙壁上的隔热层

John Lambert|发布能源效率和耐用性

嗨,我们有一个地下室,其余的两侧部分低于等级。墙壁是煤渣块,地基是一个混凝土板,下面有一层砾石。有5个窗户为35×37,双窗格,周围有空气泄漏。有一个丙烷炉,在主楼层的地下室和地板登记台上,导管将空气加热到天花板通风孔。地下室的三个房间都有电式底板加热器。地下室和主楼层均为1500平方英尺。地下室唯一的地板覆盖物是粘在乙烯基正方形。两个房间有裸露的地板,除了煤渣块以外,没有其他墙壁。其余的房间有板条,它们之间的玻璃纤维非常薄,板块或镶板。这房子位于弗吉尼亚州的蓝岭山脉的脚下。

You probably won’t be surprised that the entire basement is uncomfortably cool all winter despite us having a huge propane bill. We are planning to spend some major bucks to try to make the basement comfortable and lower our propane bill. Our strategy is to 1. Replace the basement windows with the lowest U-factor windows we can find and seal properly around the openings, 2. Add hydronic radiant heat flooring to the basement, and 3. Add 2″ foam board and sheet rock to all exterior walls, over whatever is there now.

这是我的问题:

1.此策略似乎合适吗?有什么建议可以改善它吗?

2.如果我们添加到墙壁上并添加到地板上,应该先完成?换句话说,我们应该使用辐射加热系统建立地板,然后添加到墙壁上,以便墙壁添加在新地板的顶部,或者应该先添加到墙壁上,然后将新的地板运行到新墙?

Thanks for any advice!

John

Replies

  1. GBA编辑
    Martin Holladay||#1

    约翰,
    You didn't mention air sealing work. Air sealing should always be Job #1. For more information on this issue, seeAir-Sealing a Basement

    My second piece of advice: It's more important to insulate the basement floor than it is to add radiant (in-floor hydronic) heat to the floor. If you have worries about your ceiling height, it's better to add an extra inch of rigid foam to your floor than it is to add room for PEX tubing. (You can always heat your basement some other way.)

    For more information on insulating a basement slab, click on this link --固定湿地下室-- and scroll down to the section that begins "Insulating an existing basement slab." The section comes at the very end of the article.

  2. GBA编辑
    Martin Holladay||#2

    约翰,
    The title of your post asks a different question than the actual post. Concerning the implied question in your title -- "What's more important, adding insulation to the floor or adding insulation to the walls?" - the answer is "Adding insulation to the walls" (because there is significantly more heat loss through the walls than through the floor).

    For more information on this topic, seeHow to Insulate a Basement Wall

  3. D Dorsett||#3

    Firse, run a room by room heat load calculation on the existing construction, and after insulating the basement walls.

    In 99 cases out of 100 replacing U0.50 -U-0.35 clear glass double-panes with U-0.20 will be uneconomic on a fuel savings basis, and in your area it's not cold enough to rationalize U-0.20 windows on a comfort or window condensation basis. But fixing the weatherstripping and properly air sealing & insulating around the window & rough framing with low expansion foam (as it should have been done originally) is almost always cost effective.

    在您的气候区域(4A)将粉底墙绝缘至至少在IRC 2015代码最小值(4A)在生命周期内具有成本效益,并且在冬季舒适性中具有巨大的滴答性,从而提高了上述墙壁的内部面向墙的内部侧面,更多在冬季最低温度下的5F。对于4A区域,您可以在这里使用R10连续绝缘。一种可能的溶液是用箔胶带密封的接缝,将2英寸面对的箔脸面向polyiso(通常标记为r9-r9.5),将1x4毛茸茸的1x4毛茸茸的螺丝夹在粉底上,将干wall固定在毛茸茸上。由箔纸 +气隙建立的。提供额外的R1以将其提高到代码最小。如果您正在建造一个侮辱性的锻炼厂,则在Studwall&Foundation之间至少放置1/2英寸的泡沫,并且螺柱和平板的底板,使用未透明的玻璃纤维或摇滚羊毛棒,没有内部侧面蒸气屏障。

    您的电力成本是多少?(按整个账单,将$除以KWH。)

    您目前每加仑的丙烷价格是多少?

    在过去5年中,丙烷的平均成本是多少?

    在您的位置/气候下,适当尺寸的无管热泵的运营成本小于1/3的电动踢脚线(可运行的便宜2/3),并且在大多数电力和丙烷市场中,比使用A供暖的价格便宜得多。凝结丙烷炉(在我附近的炉子不到一半。)安装可能比直接更换窗户并添加绝缘辐射地板的安装便宜,而且运行便宜。而且,它也将提供高效率的空调。

  4. GBA编辑
    Martin Holladay||#4

    约翰,
    达娜(Dana)在窗户上的正确性。有关此问题的更多信息,请参阅What Should I Do With My Old Windows?

  5. John Lambert||#5

    对于一个误导性标题,我深表歉意。我首先写了标题,然后在情况和问题上进行了工作,没有意识到我的更改程度,也没有意识到所需的标题更改。我看不到编辑它的方法。

    Thank you very much for the answers and the article links. You've given me a lot of good information and a lot of reading to do.

    By the way, we have 8' ceilings in the basement and don't mind losing a few inches, but if I understand your advise (without having read all the articles yet), I should 1. add adequate insulation to all exterior walls first, 2. get someone to do heat loss calculations (is there a GBA article on how I can do that myself?) to decide if replacing windows would be worthwhile, and 3. then determine what and how much to add to the floor.

  6. GBA编辑
    Martin Holladay||#6

    约翰,
    You might want to read the 3-part GBA series on heat loss calculations and cooling load calculations. Here are the links:

    如何执行输热计算 - 第1部分

    如何执行输热计算 - 第2部分

    计算冷却载荷

  7. Expert Member
    达娜·多塞特(Dana Dorsett)||#7

    对平板的损失是污垢远高于您的冬季户外温度。由于温度差的较大,墙壁损失高于等级,并且在冬季,由于近级土壤的热质量冷却,因此冬季的损失逐渐增加。这使得平板绝缘材料的投资回报率远低于墙壁。

    The ranked priority in nearly all cases is:

    1>空气密封

    2>insulating the walls

    3>升级窗口

    4>绝缘板

    随着任何加热系统的变化,热负荷计算(对于“计划升级为升级,则计划进行升级)是重要的第一步。

    进行初步的负载和燃料使用评估,以查看Windows升级或翻新平板是否在燃油使用基础上有意义,如果减少燃油账单是驱动程序。没有其他原因用于绝缘板或升级窗户可能是有道理的,例如:

    平板绝缘,即使不经济:您所在地区的深层土壤温度在55-57F范围内(请参阅:http://www.earthrivergeo.com/img/geothermal-article/geothermal-subterrainean-temperature-contour-contour-map.jpg),而您的夏季户外露点点位于60年代中期。在夏季,平板的顶部将靠近通风空气的露点附近或下方,这意味着放在该板上的地毯或纸板箱将容易生长。在地板顶部的一英寸的EPS上方,其上方有标准的地板,其表面温度将在通风空气的露点上方,并且风险低。对于平板绝缘的使用EP,而不是Polyiso,因为如果发生潮湿的平板或轻微的洪水,Polyiso可以吸收水分,并永远穿过铝制面部和地下,而EPS则不足以实现

    当不经济的情况下,窗户:在寒冷的气候下,窗户的窗口比您的较低效果的窗户可以具有恒定和/或过度的窗户冷凝,从而遮盖了窗台上的视图和布丁。这在您的位置极不可能,即使性能最低的双层板也是如此。另一个问题是站在窗户旁边的冬季舒适感,如果您实际上将其用作居住空间,并且在窗户旁边的25F以下时,这仍然是要考虑的事情。升级比更便宜得多的升级是在外部添加低E风暴窗口,但是如果这些窗户收到了很多直接的夏季阳光,那么有可能过热并破坏双层玻璃上的密封件- 它不是通用的“在所有情况下起作用”类型升级。透明的玻璃双窗格上的一个低风暴窗口通常会将净性能降低到U0.30-0.32范围,并且在U0.35窗口上,它将在U0.30下方 - 称其为U0。28如果出于燃料的原因进行分析。

    如果您打算用热泵加热,则需要在丙烷和热泵上运行能源使用/成本数量,也需要使用构建升级。

    使用2016年10月在全州丙烷的平均定价,看来您本周要支付约2.75美元(低于最近5年的平均水平)

    https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/hist/LeafHandler.ashx?n=PET&s=W_EPLLPA_PRS_SVA_DPG&f=W

    以91600 BTU/加仑为95%的效率燃气炉燃烧,可将约87,000 btu/加仑的燃料燃烧到房屋中,因此每百万BTU(MMBTU)的加热约为11.5加仑,价格为11.5加仑,价格为2.75美元/加仑为$ 31.62/ mmmbtu。最重要的是,运行空气处理程序的功率,并且由于空运者驱动的户外空气浸润而导致的负载略有升高(这有所不同,但绝不为零。

    Electricity in VA is averaging 11.71 cents/kwh. Used in an electric baseboard each kwh delivers 3412 BTU/kwh into the house (the simple metric to British units conversion, assuming 100% efficiency, which it is.) So per MMBTU that's 293 kwh/MMBTU, which at 11.71 cents/kwh costs $34.31/MMBTU. That's slightly higher than propane until you factor in the power use and increased heat loss, and in fact it's pretty comparable.

    如果您右尺寸无管热泵并获得3.0的季节性系数(任何具有10.0-10.3测试的HSPF的热泵都可能击中或击败。),费用约为34.31 /3.0 = $ 11.43 /mmbtu,这比丙烷便宜得多!

    您可能需要考虑用老式的管道热泵代替丙烷燃烧器。大多数人不会完全达到无管解决方案的效率,但是安装价格将更便宜,您所在的地区至少要获得2个COP。如果走这条路线,您可以根据这些方法来计算基于丙烷系统的燃料使用而不是房间负载计算所需的大小:

    //m.etiketa4.com/blogs/dept/guest-blogs/out-old-new

  8. John Lambert||#8

    Wow, you guys are great! I can't thank you enough!!

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