关于家电购买前先查看标签价格标签只是家电真实成本的一部分。在设备使用期间，余额将以水电费的形式每月支付。购买现有的最节能的型号是一个很好的长期策略，即使最初的成本有点高。制造商在减少电器用电量方面已经取得了很大的进展。例如，“能源之星”冰箱的耗电量比联邦标准许可的耗电量少20%，比2001年销售的传统型号少40%。(有关冰箱的更多信息，请参阅选择节能冰箱。)冰箱比大多数其他电器耗电更多，其次是洗衣机、干衣机、冰箱和电炉。(有关干衣机的更多信息，请参阅干衣机的替代品。)EnergyGuide标签。美国联邦贸易委员会(Federal Trade Commission)要求在一些常见家用电器(包括洗碗机、冰箱、冰柜、窗式空调和游泳池加热器)上贴上这些熟悉的黄黑标签。 (For more information on dishwashers, see All About Dishwashers. For more information on window air conditioners, see Window-Mounted Air Conditioners Save Energy.) Ranges, ovens and clothes dryers are among the appliances that are excluded from this requirement. Labels estimate the cost of using the appliance for the year, based on national utility averages, plus the kilowatt-hours of electricity it will use annually. Even if local rates are higher or lower, the cost estimates are still useful for comparing the consumption of different models and brands. Energy Star rating. Energy Star is a voluntary labeling program launched in 1992 by the federal government to identify products that are more energy-efficient than standard models. To qualify, an appliance must be at least 10% more efficient than minimum federal…